Performance Analysis and Enhancement of WAVE for V2V Non-Safety Applications
Abstract
The wireless access for vehicular environment (WAVE) mandates that data packets of non-safety applications are to be sent within WAVE basic service sets (WBSS). These WBSS are to be established on the least congested service channels. WAVE proposes a mechanism to select such channels; yet, owing to vehicles' high mobility, there is high chance of having overlapped WBSS, yielding unsatisfactory performance. Several approaches have been proposed to mitigate this problem. Nevertheless, they are either inefficient or cost-ineffective. In this paper, we propose a novel approach called altruistic service channel selection (ASSCH) that compels vehicles to cooperate in order to select the least congested service channels for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) non-safety applications. ASSCH has three phases: 1) identifying the channel's current state (i.e., free or occupied); 2) predicting channels that are likely to be free in the near future; and 3) selecting the least used channel among them. We then propose a stochastic analytical model for the throughput of V2V non-safety applications considering various factors, including the busy channel at zero, discarded by all existing IEEE 802.11p EDCA models. Simulation results demonstrate that ASSCH outperforms existing allocation-based schemes as it incurs low capture delay, low ratio of overlapping WBSS, and high throughput. Simulation results also show that our analytical model closely matches the throughput of EDCA access categories.